Two wheel drive differential



1932 c. *E. SCHOENBORN TWO-WHEEL DRIVE D IFFERENTIAL Filed Aug. 1, 1931 5 She'ets Sheet I n venior ,/areizaelidwezzfiaflz,

A ilorne y NOV. 1, 1932. c, SCHQENBQRN 1,885,871

TWO-WHEEL DRIVE DIFFERENTIAL Filed Aug; 1, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 A Home y Nov. 1, 1932. c. E. SCHOENBORN 1,885,871

I TWO-WHEEL DRIVE DIFFERENTIAL Filed Aug. 1, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 A Home y Nov. 1, 1932. c. E. SCHOENBQRN 1,385,371

TWO-WHEEL DRIVE DIFFERENTIAL Filed Aug. 1, 1951' s Sheets-Sheet 4 In ventor .674: mm celfiokomborn,

A tlorney Nov; 1,1932.

c. E. SCHOENBORN TWO-WHEEL DRIVE DIFFERENTIAL F' iled Aug. 1, .1931

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 a nvenlor fllarencefldzaezzimrm Patented Nov. 1, 1932 UNITED. sares eneee o s e BoeN. or consent 'M se ee i Lassen PAT-,

. WHEELDBIVE PIFFEBENTIAL Application filed August 1, 1931. Serial No. 554,586.

I constructed and arranged as to provide efficiency, quicker pick-up, permits the vehicle to readily pass through snow, mud or the like, without the wheels spinning, and pro-v vides free wheeling to a certain extent.

This invention alsoconsists in certain other features of construction and in the combination'and arrangement of the several parts, to be hereinafter fully: described, illustrated, in the accompanying drawings and specifical- 115 ly pointed out in the appended claims.

In .describing'the invention in .detail, reference will be had to the accompanying draw: ings wherein like Characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which 5 Figure 1 is a'plan view showing the inventionin use on the front and rear axles of a vehicle, the chassis body of the vehicle being omitted.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional View through one .of thedifiereritial means.

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional View through Fig. 2, with most of the parts in elevation and showing one of the shoe assem:

blies. V

Fig. 4 is a similar view, but showing .another shoe assembly.

Fig.- 5 is a sectionalview-through one of the cog wheels and through a pair of the driving irons.

Fig. 16 is a. section on the line '66 of Fig. .5.

. Fig. 7 isa sectionnon the line 77 of Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a view of one of the dogs.

Fig-.9 is a View .of one .of the driving wedges. Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of 1. Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. but showing the parts in driving position.

' Fig. 12 is a View similar to 11,?b11i3 showing the parts in a position during free so wheeling.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 indi es th front axle and t num ra 2 t rear axle and the "numeral 3 indicates the heels connect d to t e h s in the axl the front wheels being rotatably connected to the ends of th axle l, a shown gen rally at also that these wheels can he used in sh 7 ng- V The num ral 5 indi t s t e di erential housing a sociated with e h l and th numeral fiindicates the drive shaft axle housing the shaft 7 in Which has a gea 8 attached thereto which meshes with a gear 9 wh h s driven a y su table manner om i the power plant of the vehicle. A gear isconnected to each end of the drive shaft, said gear not beingshown, and each gear meshes with a ring gear 10 on a member ll extending into the-cylinder5 located in the housing 5- and attached to a disk 12 which is fastened to a shaft 13 rotatably arranged in the end p eces l i ,of the cylinder 5 and to which the 1 A pair .of shoes 16 is located in one section V of the cylinder, and ,a pair of shoes 17 are arranged in the other section,;eachshoe being formed of two sections which have inward ly extendlngcnds 18, the extremities of which diverge, and the twosections are connected together by the bolts 19 carryinglthe springs 20, which act to yielding-1y hold the ends of the two sections together asfclearly-shown in'FigA.

A number .of pairs of arms 21 are attached to the shaft 13, two pairs being provided for each shoe, and L-shaped wedge members 22 are pivoted between the outer ends. of the pairs, one wedge member being pivoted between each .pair of arms as shown at 23.

The wedge ends of these members 22 are adapted to engage between the diverging ex.- tr mitiesof the sho s. Each member 22 has a .hook24i attached thereto Acog wheel 25 is located adjacent the inner end of .eaehot theend members 14 and is carried by the shaft and is located between the member 14 and the outer shoe of each pair of shoes, and a pair of inwardly extending driving irons 26 is carried by each cog wheel. These irons are formed of spring metal, and at their inner ends are riveted to a collar 27 which encircles the-shaft 13 and a substantially--U-shaped spring 28 is fastened to the shaft and has its curved bigh-t located under one of the members 26.

A plurality of guide members 29 are carried by each member ll on its-inner face, and wedge-shaped dogs 30 are slidably arranged in these guidemembers for engaging the cog wheels 25. v

Thedriving irons 26 automatically governs the driving wedges 22. I

The device operates in the following manner: I

When the vehicle is standing still, some of the dogs 30 drop into engagement withsome of the teeth of thecog wheels so as to hold the cog wheels and the driving irons 26 stationary. One pair of driving wedges 22 of each set is oppositely arranged to the other pair of the sets as one pair acts to drive a cylinder section in one direction and the other pair acts to drive the cylinder section in the opposite direction.

When the motor is started the shaft 7 drives the gear 10 which in turn rotates the member 11 and themember 12and as said member 12 is connected to the shaft 13, said shaft 13 rotates in the ends 14 of the sectional cylinder 5. The rotation of the shaft 13 causes the forward driving wedges 22 to ride over the irons 26 so that the irons force said wedges 22 outwardly as shown in Fig. 11 and thus these wedges will expand a pair of the shoes 16- and 17 to causethe shoes to grip the sections of the cylinder 5 with sufficient force to turn the cylinder which in turn will rotate the wheel axles or shafts to move the vehicle. During this operation the irons 26 will engage the hooks 24 of the reverse drivewedges 22 as shown in-Figs. 3 and 4 so as to move these reverse wedges inwardly whereby the shoes 16' and 17 associated with said reverse wedgeswill not contact the cylinder. Of course when the shaft 13 is driven in a reverse direction, the reverse wedges 22 will be swung outwardly by the arms 26 to cause the shoes associated there with to grip the cylinder as to rotate the wheels in a reverse direction and the'forward wedges 22 will be moved inwardly by the irons 26 engaging the hooks 24 of said forward wedges.

As will be seen there is a space between the driving irons 26 and the axle-13 so that when the car goes faster than the motor, the cylinder gains speed over the driving shoes which causes the driving wedges 22 to draw together, permitting the driving shoe to come together so as to disengage them-from the cylinder, the driving irons 26 being bent down close to the shaft 13 by the driving wedges during this operation as shown in Fig. 12. Thus a free wheeling action is secured but when the cylinder slows up or the motor picks up the spring action of the driving irons 26 pushes the driving wedges back into engagement with the shoes to expand the same and then the cylinder is driven by the motor. The same efiect occurs when the vehicle is turning a corner the outside wheel having to go faster than the inside wheel the cylinder section which is connected with the said outsidewheel will revolve faster than the shaft 13 so that the shoes which have been driving said cylinder section forwardly will be caused to push the wedges22 inwardly to contract. the driving irons 26, as shown in Fig. 12, so that the cylinder section ofthis outside wheel will revolve freely. Then the wheels, the axle and the shaft go around the dogs 30 that govern driving irons 26 also revolve and are thus drawn out of engagement with the cog wheels by centrifugal force and will thus not interfere with the free wheeling action. The spring 28 holds the irons 26 in position when the dogs 30 are out of engagement with the cog wheels.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is 1. A device of the class described comprising a cylinder, a shaft rotatably arranged in the cylinder, means fordriving the shaft, a pair of sectional shoes, spring means for normally holding the shoes out of engagement with the. cylinder, forward and reverse driving wedge means connected with the shaft for forcing the shoes into engagement with the cylinder, spring members rotatably supported by the shaft for moving the wedge means outwardly into engagement with the shoes, and pawls slidably supported on a part of the cylinder for connecting the spring members to the cylinder when the cylinder is idle, and releasing the spring members when the cylinder is rotating.

2. A device of the class described comprising a cylinder, a shaft rotatably arranged in the cylinder, means for driving the shaft, a

pair of sectional shoes, spring means for'normally holding the shoes out of engagement with the cylinder, forward and reverse driv ing wedge means connected with the shaft for forcing the shoes into engagement with the cylinder, spring members, a cog wheel carrying the members and rotatablyarranged on the shaft, dogs carried bythe cylinder forengaging the teethof the cog wheel when the cylinder is idle and moving out of engagement with the wheel when the cylinderis rotated and hooks on the wedge means engaging the spring members when the shaft is rotating in a direction to carry the spring members into engagement with thehooks. x

3. A device of the class described comprising a sectional cylinder, a shaft rotatably arranged in the cylinder, means for driving the shaft, a pair of sectional shoes, in each section of the cylinder, spring means for normally holding the shoes out of engagement with the cylinder, a pair of reversely arranged Wedge members connected with the shaft and located in each section of the cylinder for forcing the shoes into engagement with the cylinder, spring members in each cylinder section, a cog wheel carrying each set of members, dogs carried by the cylinder,

for engaging the teeth of the cog wheel, and hooks on the wedge members for engaging the spring members when the shaft is rotated in a direction towards the hooks.

4. A device of the class described comprising a cylinder formed of two sections, a wheel carrying shaft connected to the outer end of each section of the cylinder, a forward set of driving wedges for one shoe, a set of reverse driving wedges for the other shoe, supports on the shaft to which the wedges are pivoted, the reverse wedges being oppositely arranged to the forward wedges, a hook on eachwedge, a set of driving irons in each cylinder section and supported on the shaft for rotary movement, said irons moving the forward wedges outwardly and engaging the hooks to move the reverse wedges inwardly when the shaft is rotated in a forward direc-- tion and said irons moving the forward wedges inwardly and the reverse wedges outwardly when the shaft is rotating in an opposite direction, and dogs carried by the cylinder and engaging teeth on the irons.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

CLARENCE E. SCHOENBORN. 

